冰桶挑戰為「漸凍症」研究籌集資金(雙語)

Scientists have identified a new gene contributing to the disease, NEK1.

　　科學家們證實，已經發現了一種導致肌萎縮型側索硬化症這一疾病的新的基因NEK1。

　　The Ice Bucket Challenge has raised $115m from people pouring cold water over themselves and posting the video on social media.

　　「冰桶挑戰」項目已從參與冰水澆遍全身並將該視頻上傳至社交媒體的人們那兒籌集了1.15億美元。

　　It was criticised as a stunt, but has funded six research projects.

　　雖然有人批評冰桶挑戰是逢場作戲，但是它已經資助了六個研究項目。

　　Research by Project MinE, published in Nature Genetics, is the largest-ever study of inherited ALS, also known as motor neurone disease (MND).

　　MinE項目的研究是迄今為止對通過遺傳而得的肌萎縮型側索硬化症（ASL），也稱運動神經元症（MND），規模最大的一次研究，目前已發表在《自然遺傳學》上了。

　　More than 80 researchers in 11 countries searched for ALS risk genes in families affected by the disease.

　　來自11個國家的80餘名研究人員對受肌萎縮型側索硬化症影響的家庭的風險基因展開了研究。

　　The identification of gene NEK1 means scientists can now develop a gene therapy treating it.

　　基因NEK1的發現意味著科學家們現在能夠發明一種基因療法來治療這一疾病。

　　Although only 10% of ALS patients have the inherited form, researchers believe that genetics contribute to a much larger percentage of cases.

　　雖然只有10%的肌萎縮型側索硬化症病人是通過遺傳患上此病，但是研究人員們相信：更高比例的病例均與遺傳因素有關。

　　Social media was awash with videos of people pouring cold water over their heads to raise money for ALS in the summer of 2014.

　　在2014年夏季，社交媒體被那些往自己頭上澆冷水來為肌萎縮型側索硬化症籌集資金的視頻給刷屏了。

　　More than 17 million people uploaded videos to Facebook, including many celebrities who rose to the challenge, which were then watched by 440 million people worldwide.

　　超過1700萬人將視頻上傳到了臉書上，其中還包括很多參與挑戰的名人，這些視頻而後得到了全世界4.4億人的觀看。

　　What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND)?

　　什麼是肌萎縮型側索硬化症（ALS），也稱運動神經元症（MND）？

　　fatal, rapidly progressive disease that affects the brain and spinal cord
一種致命、快速發展的影響大腦和脊髓的疾病

　　attacks nerves that control movement so muscles refuse to work (sensory nerves are not usually affected)

　　攻擊控制運動的神經，從而導致肌肉無法運動（感覺神經通常不受影響）

　　can leave people locked in a failing body, unable to move, talk and eventually, breathe

　　能夠導致人體癱瘓、無法行動、不能說話並最終呼吸衰竭

　　scientist Stephen Hawking is best-known person with the disease

　　科學家史蒂芬·霍金便是最知名的「漸凍症」患者。

　　kills around a third of people within a year of diagnosis and more than half within two years

　　三分之一的患者在確診一年左右死亡，過半數患者兩年內死亡

　　there is no cure

　　尚無療方