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--ZT 加拿大聯邦自由憲章
本帖最後由 nys 於 2016-10-2 23:10 編輯
At its core, freedom of religion encompasses both a positive dimension – freedom to believe and to manifest one』s religion; and a negative dimension – no one can be forced, directly or indirectly, to recognize a particular religion or to act contrary to what he or she believes.10
Freedom of religion in Canada has also been interpreted as necessitating the reasonable accommodation of minorities. This means that laws must be adjusted if they have even an indirect discriminatory effect on a person or group based on their particular characteristics. In this sense, Canada』s form of religious neutrality attempts to make laws receptive to the particular needs of minorities, rather than espousing a more uniform conception of equality.
However, freedom of religion under the Charter』s section 2(a) is not absolute. Rather, courts have the power to balance certain countervailing claims. Clearly offensive conduct or symbols that harm or constrain the freedoms or human dignity of others are not tolerated. These limitations are emphasized within the Charter itself. Section 15 highlights the fact that each religion is one of many vying for equality. Section 27 suggests that religion falls under the rubric of culture, and that the Charter seeks to preserve and protect all cultures. Finally, section 1 gives courts the discretion to qualify the fundamental freedom of religion by such reasonable limits as are prescribed by law and can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society.11
As well, while the Charter contains strong freedoms to observe one』s own religion, it provides less protection for individuals who may not wish to be exposed to other religions in the public sphere. Public schools are the only place in which it has been clearly determined by the courts and through legislation that religion cannot be present in any institutionalized sense.12
In addition to the courts, Canada allows provincial and federal human rights commissions to deal with many issues of discrimination on religious grounds, including the presence of religious symbols in the public sphere. For example, the Ontario Human Rights Commission』s Policy on Creed and the Accommodation of Religious Observances states that, short of undue hardship, a school or organization has a duty to accommodate a person』s religious headcovering and Sikh kirpans.13
聯邦對各個宗教都給予平等的權利和義務，對任何宗教都不偏不倚。說明，任何宗教在聯邦政府看來都一樣，誰也不能唯一代表上帝，誰都可以說自己的宗教是唯一正統。
這反而證明：任何宗教都是一種宗教，僅此而已！
宗教就是一種社會行為而已，就像許多社團一樣，有自己的章程，紀律，組織結構，定期不定期的聚會。
基督教已經從過去的嚴肅，呆板，嚴密，逐漸走向活潑，娛樂，甚至商業化。
我以前所在的教會，裡面有各種生意人---很多是傳道人，長老，他們派發掛歷等免費贈品，上面打的是他們自己公司的廣告，包括公司名稱，地址，聯繫方式等。
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