"落葉歸"之台灣陸配未繳失原籍證明將/ 上海狀元公派入美籍發現自殺基因而今

Look at that bird! It has patches of reddish-orange and a gray back, too. It must be an American robin — or, wait, is it? Robins are a classic sign of spring, but not all birds with patches of white, gray and red are robins. Here are seven birds that look like robins, commonly confused for the blue egg-laying backyard favorites.

長得像知更鳥的鳥兒

看看那隻鳥！它身上有紅橙色的斑塊，背部也是灰色的。它肯定是美洲知更鳥——或者，等等，真的是美洲知更鳥嗎？知更鳥是春天的經典標誌，但並非所有身上有白色、灰色和紅色斑塊的鳥都是知更鳥。這裡有七種長得像知更鳥的鳥兒，它們常常被誤認為是後院里產卵的藍色知更鳥。

Robins are part of the same family as the varied thrush, so it』s easy to see why someone would get them confused. And at first, they have similar coloring, sporting reddish breasts and gray backs. Complicating things further, they』ve been known to forage in flocks of robins. Their behaviors, however, are different. The thrush tends to spend its time in treetops, while robins are more comfortable in the open. In addition, the thrush』s coloring has more of an orange tint, and the black eye bar is a giveaway.

雜色畫眉

知更鳥和雜色畫眉同屬一科，所以很容易讓人混淆。乍一看，它們的顏色很相似，胸部略帶紅色，背部則呈灰色。更複雜的是，它們以成群覓食而聞名。然而，它們的行為卻截然不同。雜色畫眉喜歡棲息在樹梢上，而知更鳥則更喜歡在戶外活動。此外，雜色畫眉的顏色更偏橙色，黑色的眼紋更是暴露了它們的習性。

The male orchard oriole is a striking sight to see in early summer. But with his red breast and dark-colored head, he』s definitely one of the birds that look like robins. As the smallest of the oriole species, there』s a slight size difference between an orchard oriole and the American robin, and the beak colors differ, too. One way to tell for sure is the location where the bird feeds — if it』s visiting a fruit feeder or nectar feeder, it』s almost certainly an oriole.

Wish you saw more robins? Here』s how to attract robins to your yard.

果園金鶯

 初夏時節，雄性果園金鶯格外引人注目。它有著紅色的胸脯和深色的頭部，絕對是長得像知更鳥的鳥類之一。作為金鶯類中體型最小的物種，果園金鶯和美洲知更鳥的體型略有不同，喙的顏色也有所不同。辨別金鶯的一個方法是觀察它覓食的地點——如果它正在採食水果或花蜜，那麼它幾乎肯定是金鶯。 想看到更多知更鳥嗎？以下是如何吸引知更鳥來到你家院子的方法。

Both the spotted and eastern towhee are birds that look like robins, with some key differences. If you』re able to get a good look at the bird』s eyes, check whether they』re red. Red eyes are a distinctive feature of towhees that robins don』t have. If not, check for the birds』 white breast and dark-colored upperparts.

Here』s the difference between American and European robins.

斑點鶇（和東部鶇）

 斑點鶇和東部鶇外形類似知更鳥，但有一些關鍵區別。如果您能仔細觀察它們的眼睛，請檢查它們是否是紅色的。紅眼睛是鶇的顯著特徵，而知更鳥則沒有。如果不是，請檢查它們白色的胸部和深色的上體。

以下是美洲知更鳥和歐洲知更鳥的區別。

Telling a black-headed grosbeak from a robin can be a tricky feat. Right down to the overall tune of their songs, they have much in common. If you』re in the Eastern or Midwestern U.S., chances are good you』ve seen a robin — black-headed grosbeaks live mostly in the West. If you』re in the West, look for the reddish band around the neck, the white spots on the wings and the overall black upperparts to distinguish the grosbeaks from robins. The shape and color of the beak is a good indicator, too.

Do robins migrate and fly south in winter?

黑頭蠟嘴雀 

區分黑頭蠟嘴雀和知更鳥並非易事。它們甚至連鳴叫的曲調都有很多共同之處。如果您在美國東部或中西部，很有可能見過知更鳥——黑頭蠟嘴雀主要生活在西部。如果您在西部，可以通過觀察頸部周圍的紅色條紋、翅膀上的白色斑點以及整體黑色的上體來區分蠟嘴雀和知更鳥。喙的形狀和顏色也是一個很好的指示。

知更鳥在冬季會遷徙並飛往南方嗎？

The American robin is in the thrush family, a group of birds known for their musical songs. The hermit thrush lacks the robin』s reddish coloring but the face, eye ring and beak look similar. The spots on its breast might make you think you』re seeing a juvenile robin. Learn how to identify a wood thrush.

隱士畫眉

 美洲知更鳥屬於畫眉科，該科鳥類以其優美的鳴叫而聞名。隱士畫眉沒有知更鳥的紅色，但面部、眼圈和喙部與知更鳥相似。它胸部的斑點可能會讓你誤以為是一隻幼年知更鳥。學習如何識別美洲林鶇。

The confusion here probably has its roots in the bird』s name. Because this cute little nuthatch has a red breast, it looks a bit like an American robin. But the similarities don』t stop there — it has gray upperparts as well. However, there are plenty of ways to tell them apart. Red breasted nuthatches are commonly seen hopping up and down tree trunks; you won』t, say, see them searching for a worm in your lawn. In addition, nuthatches are smaller than robins.

紅胸山雀

這種混淆可能源於它的名字。由於這種可愛的小山雀胸部呈紅色，所以看起來有點像美國知更鳥。但相似之處遠不止於此——它們的上體也是灰色的。不過，有很多方法可以區分它們。紅胸山雀通常出現在樹榦上跳來跳去；你不會看到它們在你家草坪上找蟲子。此外，山雀的體型也比知更鳥小。

Yet another dark-headed, reddish-feathered bird… what』s a birder to do? One way to tell a male American redstart from a robin is to keep an eye out for the redstart』s distinctive behavior: fanning out its tail. As a warbler, the redstart is smaller than a robin. And its plumage has notable differences, too — including its white breast and reddish-orange streaks on the sides.

美洲紅尾鴝

又是一種頭黑、羽毛紅的鳥類……觀鳥者該怎麼辦呢？區分雄性美洲紅尾鴝和知更鳥的一個方法是留意它們獨特的行為：展開尾巴。作為一種鳴禽，美洲紅尾鴝體型比知更鳥小。它們的羽毛也有顯著的差異——包括白色的胸部和身體兩側的紅橙色條紋。