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本帖最後由 Blue Ivy 於 2010-10-19 18:46 編輯
采馬特(Zermatt)是瑞士ALPS山區的旅遊重要城鎮,很多遊客來此是為了一睹該國最高的馬特峰(Matterhorn)的風采。鎮上有纜車,從一千六百多米的起點分三段將遊客送到三千六百多米積雪的山頂,夏天也可以上來滑雪和登冰川。
Geology
Apart from the base of the mountain, the Matterhorn is composed of gneiss belonging to the Dent Blanche klippe, an isolated part of the Austroalpine nappes, lying over the Penninic nappes. The Austroalpine nappes are part of the Apulian plate, a small continent which broke up from Africa before the Alpine orogeny. For this reason the Matterhorn has been popularized as an African mountain. The Austroalpine nappes are mostly common in the Eastern Alps.
The Swiss explorer and geologist Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, inspired by the view of the Matterhorn, anticipated the modern theories of geology:
What power must have been required to shatter and to sweep away the missing parts of this pyramid; for we do not see it surrounded by heaps of fragments; one only sees other peaks - themselves rooted to the ground - whose sides, equally rent, indicate an immense mass of débris, of which we do not see any trace in the neighbourhood. Doubtless this is that débris which, in the form of pebbles, boulders, and sand, fills our valleys and our plains.
(WIKI)
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