按：《華爾街日報》今天以「中國辯論假履歷的指控」為題報道了唐駿事件。其
網路中文版有所刪節。現根據英文版提供完整譯文，【】是根據英文版補充的段
落。
唐駿「學歷門」引發熱議
By LORETTA CHAO
《華爾街日報》2010年7月16日
一位知名的微軟公司(Microsoft Corp.)前在華高管被指文憑作假。此事在
中國引起人們對專家所謂的學術背景欺詐泛濫現象的熱議。
這一爭論始於本月初。以批判剽竊和學術欺詐聞名的科普作家方舟子稱唐駿
號稱獲得的加州理工學院(California Institute of Technology)的博士學位是
假的。唐駿於2002年至2004年擔任微軟(中國)有限公司總裁。
方舟子說，唐駿在其暢銷書《我的成功可以複製》中聲稱自己畢業於加州理
工學院，他試著查證此事，並給這所大學打了電話，但未發現唐駿的畢業記錄。
【加州理工的一位代表在星期四說唐駿不是畢業於該校。】
唐駿否認說過自己畢業於加州理工學院，並告訴中國媒體他畢業於另一所大
學。7月8日，這本書的出版商──中信出版社和藍獅子財經策劃中心在聲明中說
此書的第二作者應為這一錯誤負責，並且唐駿曾親自要求刪除與這所學校相關的
內容。唐駿現任新華都實業集團的首席執行長，這家公司投資於零售業、房地產
業和其它公司。【沒法聯繫到此書第二作者對此發表評論。】
周四未能聯繫到唐駿發表評論。他未接聽手機。公司的接待員稱他出差了。
進一步的指責不斷襲來，這一爭論已成為中國網民的最熱門話題，也引發了
當地媒體的報道旋風。部分網民稱這一事件為「假文憑門」。近年來，另一些受
到廣泛關注的所謂的學術欺詐事件已引發了人們的關注，專家稱這是中國普遍存
在的問題，而不僅僅是公司試圖證實候選員工的背景時才會遇到的問題。
威達信集團（Marsh & McLennan Companies Inc.）旗下的美國風險諮詢公
司Kroll駐香港高級董事總經理Tad Kageyama說，在一定程度上偽造學歷的原因
是由於中國及亞洲其它地區的僱主過分關注候選員工畢業院校的聲望，卻較少注
意評估他們的經歷，再加上中國相對易於購得非法文憑的環境，在一定程度上造
成簡歷欺詐的現象在中國比在其它地方更為普遍。
范德瀚特（北京）國際管理諮詢有限公司首席人力資源顧問趙成龍說，由於
缺乏隨時可供查詢的公共信息，中國僱主進行背景核查的比例較低，從而進一步
刺激了作假行為。由於難以查詢，許多在華公司在雇請員工時並不檢查相關證書。
假文憑的現象顯示了中國存在更廣泛的社會問題。公司不應當僅看重文憑（及學
校的聲望）卻忽視了教育的質量。
方舟子說，中國的簡歷欺詐率比其它地方更高。他在給《華爾街日報》的郵
件中說他以唐駿為目標是因為唐駿不是個普通的商人，他是年輕人的偶像，由於
他的報料，中國社會缺乏誠信的問題受到廣泛討論，這難道不是社會在朝著更健
康的方向發展嗎？
唐駿對官方媒體《中國日報》說，他從未說過自己畢業於加州理工學院。報
紙引述他的話稱，我只說過我在那裡做過一些研究，實際上，我在加利福尼亞的
西太平洋大學(Pacific Western University)取得了博士學位。
【加州理工說對唐駿是否曾經在那裡做過研究的說法無法評論。西太平洋大
學後來改了名稱；它的學籍辦公室沒法馬上被聯繫上發表評論。】
《我的成功可以複製》的出版商在聲明中說，唐駿曾明確要求刪除他獲得加
州理工大學學位的句子，但由於出版方編校過程中溝通出現滯后，2008年12月發
行的第一版中未及時進行修改。一個月後進行了更正。出版社的聲明向讀者和唐
駿表示誠摯歉意。
【但是方舟子和中國媒體繼續對準唐駿，質疑他的其他履歷的真實性問題。
美國政府問責局在2004年發布的一份報告中，西太平洋大學被美國政府稱為「文
憑製造廠」，將它列為不要求上課、根據一次性收費頒發學位的未經認證的機構
之一。該報道說，在當時西太平洋大學的博士學位的費用為2595美元。】
【西太平洋大學後來改名加州米拉馬大學。加州米拉馬大學的學生服務辦公
室說它受到新的管理，把自己視為另一個實體。加州米拉馬大學說它現在已獲得
認證。】
【唐駿在7月6日發的一條微博說，他計劃在他的名片上加印一個博士在名字
后，並說「我還是我，什麼都沒改變」。】
Chinese Debate Allegations of Fraudulent Credentials
BEIJING—Accusations that a prominent former Microsoft Corp. executive
in China distorted his academic credentials have triggered a heated
public discussion in the country over what experts say is pervasive
academic fraud.
The controversy began earlier this month after Fang Shimin, a science
writer known for his vocal criticism of plagiarism and academic fraud,
claimed that Jun Tang, who was president of Microsoft's China
operation from 2002 to 2004, had falsely claimed to have earned a
doctorate from the California Institute of Technology. Mr. Fang said
he had tried to check the claim, which he said was made in one edition
of Mr. Tang's popular book "My Success Can Be Copied," by calling the
university but that he couldn't find records of Mr. Tang having
graduated. A representative for Caltech, reached Thursday, said Mr.
Tang didn't graduate from the school.
Mr. Tang has denied making the claim about Caltech, telling Chinese
media that he graduated from another university. A July 8 statement by
the book's publishers, Citic Publishing House and Blue Lion Financial
Planning Center, said Mr. Tang's co-author was responsible for the
error and that Mr. Tang—who is now chief executive of a company
called New Huadu Industrial Group Co. that invests in retail, real
estate and other companies—personally requested that the reference to
the school be removed. The co-author couldn't be reached to comment.
Mr. Tang couldn't be reached for comment Thursday. He didn't answer
his cellphone. A receptionist at his company said he was traveling.
The controversy has become one of the hottest topics of discussion
among Chinese Internet users, spurring a whirlwind of local media
coverage. Some Internet users have dubbed the incident "Fake
Diploma-Gate." It follows other high-profile cases in recent years of
alleged academic fraud that have called attention to what experts say
is a pervasive problem in China, not least for businesses trying to
confirm the background of potential hires.
Tad Kageyama, a Hong Kong-based senior managing director at Kroll, a
New York-based risk consulting subsidiary of Marsh & McLennan Cos.,
said part of the reason for falsified résumés is a fixation among
employers in China, as elsewhere in Asia, on the prestige of schools
that candidates attend rather than valuing candidates' experiences.
That emphasis, combined with the relative ease of acquiring
illegitimate diplomas in China, is part of the reason that résumé
fraud is more common China than elsewhere.
Kevin Zhao, chief human-resources consultant at Beijing-based Finder
Hunter, said a lack of readily available public information has led to
lower rates of background checks by employers in China, providing
further incentive for fraud. Most companies in China don't check
references while hiring employees because of the difficulty, he said.
The phenomenon of fake diplomas is indicative of a wider social
problem in China, he added. Companies shouldn't "simply emphasize
diplomas [prestigious in name] and neglect quality-oriented
education."
Mr. Fang, who uses the pen name Fang Zhouzi when blogging, said résum
é fraud rates are much higher in China than elsewhere. In an e-mail
to The Wall Street Journal, he said he targeted Mr. Tang because "Mr.
Tang is not an ordinary businessman. He is an 'idol of young people.'
" As a result of his allegations, he said, "There are a lot of
discussions about the lacking of integrity in Chinese society....Isn't
this a good trend toward a healthier society?"
Mr. Tang told the state-run China Daily newspaper he had never said he
graduated from Caltech. "I only said I had done some research there,"
the newspaper quoted him as saying. "Instead, I got my doctor's degree
at the California-based Pacific Western University."
Caltech said it was unable to comment on whether Mr. Tang had done
research there. Pacific Western later changed its name; its records
office wasn't immediately reachable for comment.
Mr. Tang's publishers said in their statement that Mr. Tang had
"explicitly requested a deletion of the sentence" that said he earned
the Caltech degree, but that the revision wasn't made in time for the
book's first edition, published in December 2008, because of "a lag in
communication during the proofreading process." The correction was
made a month later. The publishers' statement expressed "sincere
apologies" to readers and to Mr. Tang.
But Mr. Fang and Chinese media have continued to target Mr. Tang,
raising questions about the authenticity of other credentials. Pacific
Western University was labeled a "diploma mill" by the U.S. government
in a report published by the U.S. Government Accountability Office in
2004, which listed the school as an unaccredited institution that
awarded degrees for a flat fee and required no classroom instruction.
The report said a doctorate from Pacific Western cost $2,595 at the
time.
Pacific Western University later changed its name to California
Miramar University. California Miramar's student services office said
it is under new management and considers itself a separate entity.
California Miramar said it now is accredited .
Mr. Tang, in a message dated July 6 on his blog, said he plans to
print his doctorate credentials beside his name on his business cards,
and said "I am still me, and nothing has changed."
—Kersten Zhang and Gao Sen in Beijing and Bai Lin in Shanghai
contributed to this article.
Write to Loretta Chao at loretta.chao@w sj.com
(XYS20100716) |
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