介紹一個關於乳腺癌成因、風險減少和治療的動畫網站

來自http://zhgybk.blog.hexun.com/9512101_d.html

陳曉旭女士死於乳腺癌。這是非常遺憾的。據美國醫學調查統計，乳腺癌隨著年齡的增長會增加其發病風險。其中，對於平均期望壽命為90歲的婦女，30歲以下的發病率只有2124分之一；39歲以下患乳腺癌的概率小於235分之一；40歲到59歲為24分之一；60歲以上為13分之一。可見，它是值得更年期及其以上年齡婦女密切關注的一種疾病。

導致乳腺癌的因素很多。概括起來，既有後天獲得性因素，也有先天遺傳性因素。某醫生向《瀟湘晨報》記者說，吃粗糧可以「預防」乳腺癌，這未免有些誇大。但的確有許多措施可以減少患乳腺癌的風險。

客觀地說，乳腺癌在0期或1期發現（腫塊小於2厘米），還是比較好治療的。即使到了非要切除乳房的時候，進行乳房和周邊淋巴結手術切除，然後進行乳房再造，也是可以挽救一個女性的生命，並不失女性風姿的。到目前為止，這是全世界最可靠、最安全的治療方法。在世界範圍內，還沒有其它方法超過了手術切除。

我們應該相信科學。如果世界上真有一種通過「吃中藥」就可以解除乳腺癌痛苦的方法，全世界的醫學家都會重視的，而且，世界衛生組織也一定會組織專家進行調查和驗證。

然而，在我國，中醫思惟根深蒂固，中醫的自我標榜和自我渲染惡習，至今不改。它誤導了我國許多公民。我奉勸那些受中醫自我標榜和自我渲染欺騙，至今依然執迷不悟的公民，開啟你們的理智，與世界共同進步，不要相信中醫有意或無意的欺騙。

我給你推薦的這個網站，可以簡要地告訴你整個有關乳腺癌方面的知識。這些知識是全世界優秀的醫學及生理學家，通過世世代代的努力才得到的。你沒有理由忽視這些知識，而去迷信那些陰陽五行之類的胡謅。

這個網站的內容我已經看過，它的科學性是目前來說最前沿也最完整的。它以動畫形式展示給你，配有相關的英文解釋。即使你不懂英文，看動畫也能懂一大半。它的內容選擇在左邊，加亮相關內容條即可。右下邊設計了一些按紐，你找到NEXT、CONTINUE或 PLAY 按鈕點擊，就可以播放了。

有興趣的讀者，請直接點擊下列網站進入。

http://www.interactive-tutorials ... _9_29_03/index.html

Breast cancer: Screening

Patient Information
Different tests are used to screen for cancer.

Some screening tests are used because they have been shown to be helpful both in finding cancers early and in decreasing the chance of dying from these cancers. Other tests are used because they have been shown to find cancer in some people; however, it has not been proven in clinical trials that use of these tests will decrease the risk of dying from cancer.

Scientists study screening tests to find those with the fewest risks and most benefits. Cancer screening trials also are meant to show whether early detection (finding cancer before it causes symptoms) decreases a person』s chance of dying from the disease. For some types of cancer, finding and treating the disease at an early stage may result in a better chance of recovery.

Clinical trials that study cancer screening methods are taking place in many parts of the country. Information about ongoing clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.

Three tests are commonly used to screen for breast cancer:

Mammogram

A mammogram is an x-ray of the breast. This test may find tumors that are too small to feel. A mammogram may also find ductal carcinoma in situ, abnormal cells in the lining of a breast duct, which may become invasive cancer in some women. The ability of a mammogram to find breast cancer may depend on the size of the tumor, the density of the breast tissue, and the skill of the radiologist.

Clinical breast exam (CBE)

A clinical breast exam is an exam of the breast by a doctor or other health professional. The doctor will carefully feel the breasts and under the arms for lumps or anything else that seems unusual.

Breast self-exam (BSE)

Breast self-exam is an exam to check your own breasts for lumps or anything else that seems unusual.

If a lump or other abnormality is found using one of these 3 tests, ultrasound may be used to learn more. It is not used by itself as a screening test for breast cancer. Ultrasound is a procedure in which high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissues called a sonogram.

New screening tests are being studied in clinical trials.

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

MRI is a procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). Screening trials of MRI in women with a high genetic risk of breast cancer have shown that MRI is more sensitive than mammography for finding breast tumors.

MRI scans are used to make decisions about breast masses that have been found by a clinical breast exam or a breast self-exam. MRIs also help show the difference between cancer and scar tissue. MRI does not use any x-rays.

Tissue sampling

Breast tissue sampling is taking cells from breast tissue to examine under a microscope. Abnormal cells in breast fluid have been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in some studies. Scientists are studying whether breast tissue sampling can be used to find breast cancer at an early stage or predict the risk of developing breast cancer. Three methods of tissue sampling are under study:

Fine-needle aspiration: A thin needle is inserted into the breast tissue around the areola (darkened area around the nipple) to withdraw cells and fluid.

Nipple aspiration:
The use of gentle suction to collect fluid through the nipple. This is done with a device similar to the breast pumps used by nursing women.

Ductal lavage: A hair-size catheter (tube) is inserted into the nipple and a small amount of salt water is released into the duct. The water picks up breast cells and is removed.
Screening clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. Information about ongoing clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site

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