嬰幼兒期智力發育水平對照表

　　嬰1月
　　
　　大運動：拉著手腕可以坐起，頭可豎直片刻（2秒）
　　
　　精細動作：觸碰手掌，他會緊握拳頭
　　
　　適應能力：眼球會跟紅球過中線（稍有移動即可）、聽到聲音有反應
　　
　　語言：自己會發出細小聲音
　　
　　社交行為：眼睛跟蹤走動的人
　　
　　嬰2月
　　
　　大運動：拉著手腕可以坐起、頭可豎直短時（5秒）
　　
　　精細動作：俯卧時頭可抬離床面、撥浪鼓在手中留握片刻
　　
　　適應能力：立刻注意大玩具
　　
　　語言：能發出a、o、e等母音
　　
　　社交行為：逗引時有反應
　　
　　嬰3月
　　
　　大運動：俯卧時可抬頭45度、抱直時頭穩
　　
　　精細動作：兩手可握在一起、撥浪鼓在手中留握0.5秒
　　
　　適應能力：眼睛跟紅球可轉180度
　　
　　語言：笑出聲
　　
　　社交行為：模樣靈敏、見人會笑
　　
　　嬰4月
　　
　　大運動：俯卧時可抬頭90度、扶腋可站片刻
　　
　　精細動作：搖動並注視撥浪鼓
　　
　　適應能力：偶然注意小丸、找到聲源
　　
　　語言：高聲叫、咿呀作聲
　　
　　社交行為：認親人
　　
　　嬰5月
　　
　　大運動：輕拉腕部即可坐起、獨坐頭身向前傾
　　
　　精細動作：抓住近處玩具
　　
　　適應能力：拿住一積木注視另一積木
　　
　　語言：對人及物發聲
　　
　　社交行為：見食物興奮
　　
　　嬰6月
　　
　　大運動：俯卧翻身
　　
　　精細動作：會撕紙、把弄到桌上一積木
　　
　　適應能力：兩手同時拿住兩塊積木、玩具失落會找
　　
　　語言：叫名字轉頭
　　
　　社交行為：自喂餅乾、如會找躲貓貓（手絹擋臉）的人的臉
　　
　　嬰7月
　　
　　大運動：獨坐自如
　　
　　精細動作：把弄小丸（直徑約0.5公分）、自己取一積木，再取另一塊
　　
　　適應能力：積木換手、伸手夠遠處玩具語言：發da-da、ma-ma無所指
　　
　　社交行為：對鏡有遊戲反映、能分辨出生人
　　
　　嬰8月
　　
　　大運動：雙手扶物可站立
　　
　　精細動作：拇指、無名指捏住小丸（直徑：0.5cm）；手中拿兩個積木，並試圖取第三塊積木（正方形，邊長2cm）
　　
　　適應能力：持續用手追逐玩具、有意識的搖鈴
　　
　　語言：模仿聲音
　　
　　社交行為：懂得成人面部表情
　　
　　嬰9月
　　
　　大運動：會爬、拉雙手會走
　　
　　精細動作：拇指、食指捏住小丸
　　
　　適應能力：從杯中取出積木（正方形，邊長2cm）、積木對敲
　　
　　語言：會歡迎、再見（手勢）
　　
　　社交行為：表示不要
　　
　　嬰10月
　　
　　大運動：會拉住欄桿站起身、扶住欄桿可以走
　　
　　精細動作：拇指、食指動作熟練
　　
　　適應能力：拿掉扣住積木的杯子，並玩積木；找盒內的東西
　　
　　語言：模仿發語聲
　　
　　社交行為：懂得常見物及名稱、會表示
　　
　　嬰11月
　　
　　大運動：扶物、蹲下取物；獨站片刻
　　
　　精細動作：打開包積木的紙
　　
　　適應能力：積木放入杯中；模仿推玩具小車
　　
　　語言：有意識的發一個字音
　　
　　社交行為：懂得「不」；模仿拍娃娃
　　
　　嬰12月
　　
　　大運動：獨自站立穩；牽一隻手可以走
　　
　　精細動作：試把小丸投入小瓶
　　
　　適應能力：蓋瓶蓋；
　　
　　語言：叫媽媽、爸爸有所指；向他/她要東西知道給
　　
　　社交行為：穿衣知配合
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　幼兒期智力發育水平對照表
　　
　　15月
　　
　　大運動：獨走自如
　　
　　精細動作：自發亂畫、從瓶中拿到小丸（不能提示「倒出」）
　　
　　適應能力：翻書兩次、蓋上圓盒
　　
　　語言：會聽指示指出眼耳鼻口手（5個指出3個即可）、說3-5個字（知道意思，「爸媽」除外）
　　
　　社交行為：會脫襪子（脫下而非拉下）
　　
　　18月
　　
　　大運動：扔球無方向
　　
　　精細動作：模仿畫道道
　　
　　適應能力：積木搭高四塊、將圓形積木放入圓形空格（圓型板正面對他）
　　
　　語言：懂得三個投向（站三個不同方向，向他要東西）、說出10個字（知道意思，「爸媽」除外）
　　
　　社交行為：白天會控制大小便
　　
　　21月
　　
　　大運動：會腳尖走、扶牆上樓
　　
　　精細動作：玻璃絲穿過扣眼
　　
　　適應能力：積木搭高7-8塊、將圓形積木放入圓形空格（圓型板平面轉180）
　　
　　語言：回答簡單問題、說3-5個字的句子
　　
　　社交行為：開口表示個人需要
　　
　　24月
　　
　　大運動：雙足跳離地面
　　
　　精細動作：玻璃絲穿過扣眼並拉住線
　　
　　適應能力：一頁頁翻書；將圓、方、三角放入準確放入相同形狀的空格
　　
　　語言：說兩句以上兒歌、會問：「這是什麼？」
　　
　　社交行為：會說常見物的用途
　　
　　27月
　　
　　大運動：獨自上樓、獨自下樓
　　
　　精細動作：模仿畫豎道
　　
　　適應能力：認識大小；型板隨意放置，仍能將圓、方、三角放入準確放入相同形狀的空格
　　
　　語言：會說8-10個字的句子
　　
　　社交行為：會脫單衣或褲子、開始有是非觀念
　　
　　30月
　　
　　大運動：獨腳站2秒
　　
　　精細動作：模仿用積木搭橋、穿扣子3-5個
　　
　　適應能力：知道1與許多的區別、知道紅色
　　
　　語言：看圖說出物體的名稱10個
　　
　　社交行為：用兩個杯子來回倒水不灑
　　
　　33月
　　
　　大運動：會立定跳遠
　　
　　精細動作：模仿畫圓
　　
　　適應能力：懂得「里」、「外」；積木搭高10塊
　　
　　語言：說出人物性別；連續執行三個命令（擦桌、搖鈴、搬凳）
　　
　　社交行為：會穿鞋、會解扣子
　　
　　36月
　　
　　大運動：兩腳交替跳
　　
　　精細動作：摺紙邊角整齊（長方形）、模仿畫十字
　　
　　適應能力：認識兩種顏色、懂得「2」
　　
　　語言：懂得「冷了」、「累了」、「餓了」；看圖說出物體名稱14樣
　　
　　社交行為：會扣扣子





Milestone chart: 0 to 36 months

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
1 month	• Lifts head when lying on tummy • Responds to sound • Stares at faces	• Follows objects briefly with eyes • Vocalizes: oohs and aahs • Can see black-and-white patterns	• Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle
2 months	• Vocalizes: gurgles and coos • Follows objects across field of vision • Notices his hands • Holds head up for short periods	• Smiles, laughs • Holds head at 45-degree angle • Makes smoother movements	• Holds head steady • Can bear weight on legs • Lifts head and shoulders when lying on tummy (mini-pushup)
3 months	• Recognizes your face and scent • Holds head steady • Visually tracks moving objects	• Squeals, gurgles, coos • Blows bubbles • Recognizes your voice • Does mini-pushup	• Rolls over, from tummy to back • Turns toward loud sounds • Can bring hands together, bats at toys
4 months	• Smiles, laughs • Can bear weight on legs • Coos when you talk to him	• Can grasp a toy • Rolls over, from tummy to back	• Imitates sounds: "baba," "dada" • Cuts first tooth • May be ready for solid foods
5 months	• Distinguishes between bold colors • Plays with his hands and feet	• Recognizes own name • Turns toward new sounds • Rolls over in both directions	• Sits momentarily without support • Mouths objects • Separation anxiety may begin
6 months	• Turns toward sounds and voices • Imitates sounds • Rolls over in both directions	• Is ready for solid foods • Sits without support • Mouths objects • Passes objects from hand to hand	• Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Drags objects toward himself

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
7 months	• Sits without support • Drags objects toward herself	• Lunges forward or starts crawling • Jabbers or combines syllables • Starts to experience stranger anxiety	• Waves goodbye • Stands while holding onto something • Bangs objects together • Begins to understand object permanence
8 months	• Says "mama" and "dada" to both parents (isn't specific) • Passes objects from hand to hand	• Stands while holding onto something • Crawls • Points at objects • Searches for hidden objects	• Pulls self to standing, cruises • Picks things up with thumb-finger pincer grasp • Indicates wants with gestures
9 months	• Stands while holding onto something • Jabbers or combines syllables • Understands object permanence	• Cruises while holding onto furniture • Drinks from a sippy cup • Eats with fingers • Bangs objects together	• Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent
10 months	• Waves goodbye • Picks things up with pincer grasp • Crawls well, with belly off the ground	• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Indicates wants with gestures	• Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Puts objects into a container
11 months	• Says "mama" and "dada" to the correct parent • Plays patty-cake and peek-a-boo • Stands alone for a couple of seconds • Cruises	• Understands "no" and simple instructions • Puts objects into a container	• Says one word besides "mama" and "dada" • Stoops from standing position
12 months	• Imitates others' activities • Indicates wants with gestures	• Takes a few steps • Says one word besides "mama" and "dada"	• Walks alone • Scribbles with a crayon • Says two words besides "mama" and "dada"

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
13 months	• Uses two words skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye") • Bends over and picks up an object	• Enjoys gazing at his reflection • Holds out arm or leg to help you dress him	• Combines words and gestures to make needs known • Rolls a ball back and forth
14 months	• Eats with fingers • Empties containers of contents • Imitates others	• Toddles well • Initiates games • Points to one body part when asked • Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss")	• Uses a spoon or fork • Matches lids with appropriate containers • Pushes and pulls toys while walking
15 months	• Plays with ball • Uses three words regularly • Walks backward	• Scribbles with a crayon • Runs • Adopts "no" as his favorite word	• "Helps" around the house • Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh"
16 months	• Turns the pages of a book • Has temper tantrums when frustrated • Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object	• Discovers the joy of climbing • Stacks three blocks • Uses spoon or fork • Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone)	• Takes off one piece of clothing by himself • Gets finicky about food • Switches from two naps to one
17 months	• Uses six words regularly • Enjoys pretend games • Likes riding toys	• Feeds doll • Speaks more clearly • Throws a ball underhand	• Dances to music • Sorts toys by color, shape, or size • Kicks ball forward
18 months	• Will "read" board books on his own • Scribbles well	• Strings two words together in phrases • Brushes teeth with help • Stacks four blocks	• Throws a ball overhand • Takes toys apart and puts them back together • Shows signs of toilet training readiness

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
19 months	• Uses a spoon and fork • Runs • Throws a ball underhand • Enjoys helping around the house	• Understands as many as 200 words • Recognizes when something is wrong (e.g., calling a dog a cat)	• Washes and dries own hands with help • Points to picture or object when you call it by name • May know when she needs to pee
20 months	• Feeds doll • Takes off own clothes • Dumps an object in imitation, such as throwing garbage away	• Learns words at a rate of ten or more a day • Can walk up stairs (but probably not down)	• May start exploring genitals • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts
21 months	• Can walk up stairs • Able to set simple goals (e.g., deciding to put a toy in a certain place)	• Throws a ball overhand • Kicks ball forward • Stacks six blocks	• Names simple picture in a book • Can walk down stairs
22 months	• Kicks ball forward • Follows two-step requests (e.g., "Get your doll and bring it here")	• Does simple puzzles • Draws a straight line • Names several body parts	• Puts on loose-fitting clothes • Might be ready for a big bed • Understands opposites (e.g., tall vs. short)
23 months	• Names simple picture in a book • Uses 50 to 70 words	• Opens doors • Sings simple tunes • Takes more of an interest in playing with other kids	• Talks about self (likes, dislikes) • Asks "why?"
24 months	• Names at least six body parts • Half of speech is understandable • Makes two- to three-word sentences	• Talks about self • Arranges things in categories • Can walk down stairs	• Begins to understand abstract concepts (e.g., sooner and later) • Becomes attuned to gender differences • Learns to jump

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
25 and 26 months	• Stacks six blocks • Walks with smooth heel-to-toe motion	• Uses pronouns (e.g., I, me, you) • Washes and dries own hands	• Speaks clearly most of the time • Draws a vertical line
27 and 28 months	• Jumps with both feet • Opens doors	• Understands descrīptions (e.g., big, soft) • Draws a vertical line	• Starts to recognize ABCs • Balances on one foot
29 and 30 months	• Brushes teeth with help • Washes and dries own hands • Draws a vertical line	• Draws a circle • Balances on one foot	• Puts on a T-shirt • Names one color • Names one friend

Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
31 and 32 months	• Recites own name • Draws a circle	• Puts on a T-shirt • Balances on each foot for a second • Recognizes ABCs • Brushes teeth by herself	• Uses two adjectives • Draws a cross • Points to objects described by use
33 and 34 months	• Names one color • Names one friend • Carries on a simple conversation	• Alternates feet going up and down stairs • Uses prepositions (e.g., on, in, over) • Speaks clearly most of the time (75 percent can be understood) • Stacks eight blocks	• Is toilet trained during the day • Wiggles thumb • Expresses a wide range of emotions • Draws a stick figure
35 and 36 months	• Describes how two objects are used • Uses three to four words in a sentence • Names two actions (e.g., skipping, jumping)	• Hops and skips • Follows a two- or three-part command • Separates fairly easily from parents • Rides a tricycle	• Balances on each foot for three seconds • Gets dressed without help