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注一:Gilman M. Ostrander, The Evolutionary Outlook, 1875-1900(Clio, Mich.:Marston Press, 1971), p.1
注二:同上,p.2
注三:Francisco J. Ayala, "Bilogogical Evolution: Natural Selection or Random Walk?" American Scientist 62(Nov.-Dec, 1974): 692
注四:Ernst Mayr, "Behavior Programs and Evolutionary Strategies, " American Scientist 62(Nov-Dec, 1974): 650
注五:Julian Huxley, "The Emergence of Darwinism" in The Evolution of Life, vol. 1 of Evolution after Darwin, (University of Chicago Press, 1960) p.1 Sir Julian, grandson of Thomas Huxley(colleague and protagonist of Charles Darwin), was Probably the most influential evolutionist of the twentieth century, the first Diredtor General of UNESCO, and the main developer and progagator of neo-Darwinism.
注六:Stanley D. Beck, "Natural Science and Creationist Theology, " Bioscience 32 (Oct, 1982): 738.
注七:Theodosius Dobzhansky, "Ethics and Values in Biological and CulturalEvolution," Zygon, the Journal of Religion and Science, as reported in the Times (Los Angeles)(June 16, 1974) part 4, p.6.
注八:在本書中,除另外註明的以外,『進化』一詞,指macroevolution, 或指 mega-evolution, 所謂micro-evolution,雖有許多進化論者有相反的說法, 實際只是指在同等複雜的層面中限度之內的變異。
注九:Dobzhansky, "Ethics and Values, "p.6 , 他是僅次於赫胥黎爵士二十世紀中最具影響力的進化論者。
注十:同上。
注十一:Julian Huxley, "Evolution and Genetics, " in What is Science?J. R.Newman, ed. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1955), p. 278.
注十二:Pierre Teihard de Chardin, as cited by Francisco Ayala,"'Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution';Theodosius Dobzhansky, 1900-1975."Journal of Heredity 68, no. 3(1977):3, 這篇文章是為記念最近去世的杜本章斯基而寫。杜氏接受查爾丁對進化論的評估為他個人的信仰。
注十三:Isaac Asimov in Paul Kurtz, ed., "An Interiew with Isaac Asimov on Science and the Bible." Free Inquiry 2 (Spring 1982) 9
注十四:Fritjof Capra, "The Dance of Life" Science Digest 90(Apr 1982):33
注十五:E. A. Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians, vol. 1(New York: Dover, 1949), p. 302.注十六:同上。
注十七:Thorkild Jacobsen, "Enuma Elish-The Babylonian Genesis," in Theories of the Universe, Milton K. Munitz, ed.,(Glencoe, Ill.: The FreePress, 1957), p.9
注十八:Ernst Mayr, "Darwin and Natural Selection, "American Scioentist 65(May-June):323
注十九:同上,p.324.
注二十:同上,p.327
注二一:E.O. Wilson, "Toward a Humanistic Biology,"(Sept-Oct, 1982),p.40.
注二十二:Huston Smith, "Evoltion and Evolutionism, " Christian Century(July 7-14, 1982), p. 755.
注二三:單在摩西五經中用數字或序數形容的『日』,不下百次,但總是指陽曆中真正的日子。
注二四:希伯來文的『晚上』與『早上』,各在舊約聖經中出現百次以上,都指字面的意思。
注二五:在現今的世界里,上帝當然允許痛苦與死亡--偶而甚至有大災變。但這是亞當所受咒詛的一部分。當上帝的審判與救贖工作完成之時,最終將會挪除。
注二六:比如,單以『創造論研究學會』的科學家說,其數目已超過六百人,他們各人都擁有一個以上的在科學方面的研究所的學位。而且,作著在過去二十年中,(自從創造論研究學會成立)至少曾向三千聽眾演說,聽眾中非會員的科學家數目比會員數目大許多倍。
注二七:Keith Stewart Thompson, "The Meanings of Evolution," American Scientist 70(Sept--Oct, 1982); 529. 所謂『反科學者』一詞,當然是他用以避免使用創造論者之委婉的稱呼。
注二八:要想知道進化論者內部衝突的最新報導,可參考Henry M. Morris著"Evolution in Turmoil"(San Diego: Creation-Life, 1982), 190 pp. |
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