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常常
依你說,「吃了毒藥必不受害」是後人加上的了?能不能給出更多的後人在聖經里加上一些耶穌並不曾說過的話例子? 這一點比較容易回答,新約的經文研究已經相當完善。到目前為止,根據所有的古代抄本,只有兩段較長的經文一般相信事後填補的。除了馬可福音的結尾,只有約翰福音7:53-8:11。所以,大家盡可放心(如果你有NIV英文聖經,這兩段都有註釋)。除非是自由派的高等批判,把聖經撕裂到面目全非,否則我們堅信聖經的無誤和權威。
請看 Craig Evans 在 Word Biblical Commentary 的註釋(英文,p.545):
Although scholars are almost evenly divided over the question of whether v 8 was the original conclusion of the Gospel of Mark, almost all regard both the so-called Long Ending (i.e., vv 9–20) and the Short Ending as textually spurious. Most think the longer passage is a late secondary conflation of traditions found in Matthew, Luke, John, and Acts, enriched with a few legendary details.
Perhaps the most interesting suggestion of authorship comes from H. H. Evans, who has proposed that the Apostle Paul wrote Mark 16:9–20. This far-fetched proposal, however, has gained no following. Conybeare suggested that Mark 16:9–20 was composed by the second-century apologist Aristion. Nineteenth-century contemporaries Burgon and J. P. P. Martin argued that Mark 16:9–20 is authentic, while very recently Powell has suggested that Mark』s lost ending is preserved in John 21.
其大意是,學者們大都相信這段經文不是原著的一部分,但大家對它在這裡的原因有不同的解釋。Evans 還指出馬可16:11-20 的內容幾乎都是重複其他福音書和使徒行傳:
V 11: Lack of belief (cf. Luke 24:11)
V 12: Two on the road (cf. Luke 24:13–35)
V 14: Reproach for unbelief (cf. John 20:19, 26)
V 15: Great Commission (cf. Matt 28:19)
V 16: Salvation/Judgment (cf. John 3:18, 36)
V 17: Speaking in tongues (cf. Acts 2:4; 10:46)
V 18: Serpents and poison (cf. Acts 28:3–5)
V 18: Laying hands on the sick (cf. Acts 9:17; 28:8)
V 19: Ascension (cf. Luke 24:51; Acts 1:2, 9)
V 20: General summary of Acts
我們不需要對聖經有任何的懷疑,因為一個重要的解經原則乃以經解經,既然這段經文的內容都出現在新約其他地方。但這段「經文」把一些使徒行傳敘述性的內容變成命令的內容就容易叫人誤解了。所以,不把它當作建立神學或實踐的基礎為上策。
因為時間有限,我有時沒有把很多證據列出來。
不要忘記,人的罪性把人的理性蒙蔽了,即使給反基人士足夠的證據,他們也很少會接受。只能求慈愛的天父施恩給他們,開他們心靈的眼睛。
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