十大防癌的飲食規則

人們對癌症可以說是談虎色變，對癌症患者都要對其敬而遠之。事實上，只要能運用現代的知識和科學技術，建立以合理飲食為基礎的良好生活方式，許多癌症是可以預防的。

　　癌症的發生固然有遺傳、基因等內因作祟，但90%以上是外部環境導致的，流行病學研究發現約40%的癌症患者與飲食習慣、食物構成、食物加工、烹飪方法等因素有關。有大約30%的癌症與生活習慣，特別是吸煙、喝酒有關。另外還有一些和個體的體質有關的因素。這裡介紹10條預防癌症的飲食規則。

　　1、 食物多樣化：注意食物多樣化，以植物性食物為主，應占每餐的2/3以上，植物性飲食應含有新鮮的蔬菜、水果、豆類和粗糧等。

　　2、 控制體重：避免體重過重或過輕，成年後要限制體重增幅不超過5公斤，超重或過度肥胖容易導致子宮內膜癌、腎癌、腸癌的危險性增高。

　　3、 不吃燒焦的食物：烤魚、烤肉時應避免肉汁燒焦。直接在火上燒烤的魚、肉及熏肉只能偶爾食用。最好煮、蒸、炒食物。

　　4、 多吃澱粉類食物：每天吃600—800克各種穀類、豆類、植物類根莖，加工越少越好。要限制精製糖的攝入。食物中的澱粉有預防結腸癌和直腸癌的作用，高纖維飲食有可能預防結腸癌、直腸癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌的發生。

　　5、 多吃蔬菜、水果：堅持每天吃400—800克各種蔬菜、水果，可使患癌症的危險性下降20%,每天吃五種或五種以上的蔬菜和水果.

　　6、 不提倡飲酒：如飲酒每天不超過一杯（相當於250毫升啤酒、100毫升紅酒或25毫升白酒），經常飲酒能增加患口腸癌、咽喉癌、食道癌等的危險。

　　7、 減少紅肉攝入量：每天應少於90克，最好用魚和家禽替代紅肉。紅肉會增加結腸癌和直腸癌的發生危險率。同時要限制高脂飲食，特別是動物脂肪的攝入，應選擇恰當的植物油（如橄欖油等）。

　　8、 限制腌制食品的攝入並控制鹽和調料的使用：高鹽飲食會增加胃癌的患病率。世界衛生組織建議每人每天食鹽攝入量應小於6克。

　　9、 不要食用在常溫下保存過久、可能受真菌毒素污染的食物。

　　10、 堅持體育鍛煉：每天應堅持鍛煉40—60分鐘，快走或類似強度鍛煉為宜。

　　只要大家能夠飲食中注意合理膳食，養成良好的生活習慣，保持良好的心態，在面對各種致癌危險因素侵襲時就可以形成鞏固的防線，「拒之於千里之外而後快」。

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健康飲食很重要哈