[電影英語] Pride & Prejudice 《傲慢與偏見》

Pride & Prejudice 《傲慢與偏見》（精講之一）




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Mrs. Bennet: How well you dance, Mr. Bingley. My daughter Jane is a splendid dancer, is she not?

Bingley: She is indeed. (to Elizabeth) Your friend Miss Lucas is a most amusing young woman.

Elizabeth: Oh, yes, I [B][COLOR="darkorange"]adore[/COLOR][/B] her.

Mrs. Bennet: It is a pity she's not more handsome.

Elizabeth: Mama!

Mrs. Bennet: Oh, but Lizzie would never admit that she's plain. Of course it's my Jane who's considered the beauty of the county.

Elizabeth & Jane: No, Mama, please!

Mrs. Bennet: When she was 15, a gentleman was so much in love with her, that I was sure he would [B][COLOR="darkorange"]make her an offer[/COLOR][/B]. However, he did write her some very pretty verses.

Elizabeth: And that [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]put paid to it[/COLOR][/B]. I wonder who discovered the power of poetry in driving away love.

Darcy: I thought poetry was the food of love.

Elizabeth: Of a fine, stout love, it may. But if it is only a vague inclination one poor sonnet will kill it.

Darcy: So what do you recommend to encourage affection?

Elizabeth: Dancing. Even if one's partner is barely tolerable.

Jane: Mr Bingley is just what a young man ought to be. Sensible, good-humoured...

Elizabeth: Handsome, conveniently rich...

Jane: You know perfectly well I do not believe marriage should be driven
by thoughts of money.

Elizabeth: I agree entirely. Only the deepest love will persuade me into matrimony, which is why I'll [B][COLOR="darkorange"]end up[/COLOR][/B] an old maid.

Jane: Do you really believe he liked me, Lizzie?

Elizabeth: Jane, he danced with you most of the night, and stared at you for the rest of it. But I give you leave to like him. You've liked many a stupider person. You're a great deal too apt to like people in general, you know. All the world is good and agreeable in your eyes.

Jane: Not his friend. I still can't believe what he said about you.

Elizabeth: Mr. Darcy? I could more easily forgive his vanity had he not wounded mine. But no matter, I doubt we shall ever speak again.

妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]adore[/COLOR][/B]

Adore 有好幾種意思，我們一起來看一下：
A. If you adore someone, you feel great love and admiration for him or her. 敬愛，敬重；愛慕
e.g. She adored her parents and would do anything to please them.
B. If you adore something, you like it very much. 非常喜歡，痴迷
e.g. I adore apple very much and eat two a day.

2. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]make an offer[/COLOR][/B]

這是口語中很常用的片語，其意義取決於作為名詞的offer一詞的不同含義，如在電影《情歸巴黎》中有一句台詞是：
You never said a word about planning to make an offer to Patrick. （關於你要跟Patrick合併的事情你一個字都沒提過。）
這裡的翻譯是意譯，我們可以看出來make an offer是"出價"的意思。
而在本電影的台詞里，這個make an offer的意思顯然不同，應該是"求婚"的意思。offer一詞本身就有"求婚"的意思，所以"向某人求婚"我們可以說propose to sb. 或者make an offer to sb.

3. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]put paid to[/COLOR][/B] 結束……，了結……（口語）

這是一個挺有意思的短語，If an unexpected event puts paid to someone's hopes, chances, or plans, it completely ends or destroys them. 主要在說英式英語的國家中使用。

The series of terrible blind dates put paid to her dream of an ideal marriage.
一系列可怕的相親斷送了她對理想婚姻的夢想。

4. [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]end up/end up with[/COLOR][/B] 以……結束，以……告終

If you end up doing something or end up in a particular state, you do that thing or get into that state even though you did not originally intend to.
e.g. Every time they went dancing they ended up in a bad mood.
他們每次出去跳舞都不歡而散。
She could have ended up a millionairess.
她本來可以成為一個百萬富翁的。

_______________________________

主持人：任亞凌 （北京新東方學校聽力口語部教師，主講聽說速成，電影英語）

Good.

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Caroline: You write uncommonly fast, Mr. Darcy.

Darcy: You're mistaken. I write rather slowly.

Caroline: How many letters you must have occasion to write, Mr. Darcy. Letters of business, too. How odious I should think them.

Darcy: It is fortunate, then, they [COLOR="darkorange"]fall to my lot[/COLOR] instead of yours.

Caroline: Do tell your sister that I long to see her.

Darcy: I've already told her once, by your desire.

Caroline: I do dote on her. I was quite in raptures at her beautiful little design for a table.

Darcy: Perhaps you will give me leave to defer your raptures till I write again. At present I have not room enough to do them justice.

Bingley: Well I think it's amazing that you young ladies have the patience to be so accomplished.

Caroline: What do you mean, Charles?

Bingley: You all paint tables and play the piano and embroider cushions. I never heard of a young lady, but people say she's [COLOR="darkorange"]accomplished[/COLOR].

Darcy: The word is indeed applied too liberally. I cannot boast of knowing more than half a dozen women in all my acquaintance that are truly accomplished.

Caroline: Nor I, to be sure.

Elizabeth: Goodness, you must comprehend a great deal in the idea.

Darcy: I do.

Caroline: Absolutely. She must have a thorough knowledge of music, singing, drawing, dancing and the modern languages to deserve the word. And something in her air and manner of walking.

Darcy: And, of course she must improve her mind by extensive reading.

Elizabeth: I'm no longer surprised at your knowing only six accomplished women. I rather wonder now at your knowing any.

Darcy: Are you so severe on your own sex?

Elizabeth: I never saw such a woman. She would certainly be a fearsome thing to behold.

Caroline: Miss Elizabeth, let us take a turn about the room. It's refreshing, is it not, after sitting so long in one attitude?

Elizabeth: It is a small kind of accomplishment, I suppose.

Caroline: Will you not join us, Mr. Darcy?

Darcy: You can only have two motives, Caroline, and I would interfere with either.

Caroline: What can he mean?

Elizabeth: The surest way of disappointing him will be to ask him nothing about it.

Caroline: But do tell us, Mr. Darcy.

Darcy: Either you are in each other's confidence and you have secret affairs to discuss, or you are conscious that your figures appear to the greatest advantage by walking. If the first, I should [COLOR="darkorange"]get in your way[/COLOR]. If the second,
I can admire you much better from here.

Caroline: Shocking. How shall we punish him for such a speech?

Elizabeth: We could always laugh at him.

Caroline: Oh no. Mr. Darcy is not to be teased.

Elizabeth: Are you too proud, Mr. Darcy? And would you consider pride a fault or a virtue?

Darcy: That I couldn't say.

Elizabeth: Because we're doing our best to find a fault in you.

Darcy: Maybe it's that I find it hard to forgive the follies and vices of others, or their offences against me. My good opinion, once lost, is lost forever.

Elizabeth: Oh, dear. I cannot tease you about that. What a shame, for I dearly love to laugh.

Caroline: A family trait, I think.

妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [COLOR="darkorange"]it falls to sb.'s lot to do sth. / the lot falls to sb. to do sth. / it falls to sb. as sb.'s lot to do sth.[/COLOR] 是"某人命中注定要做某事；某人有責任做某事"的意思。

e.g. It falls to my lot to join the army.
參軍是我有責任要做的事。
It falls to the young girl's lot to marry this old man.
嫁給這個老頭是這個女孩命里註定的。

2. [COLOR="darkorange"]dote on[/COLOR]

If you say you dote on a person or a thing, it means you love or care about them very much and ignore any faults they may have. 中文裡就是"寵愛，溺愛；過分喜愛"。比如"她溺愛她的兒子"就可以說成 She dotes on her youngest son.

3. [COLOR="darkorange"]accomplished[/COLOR] 多才多藝的；熟練的；完成的

說到「多才多藝」，大家馬上想到詞的可能是 versatile，accomplished 這個詞比 versatile 還要高一個等級，差不多到了專家的程度，而 versatile 多用來指「能勝任……」。例如：
an accomplished lady 一個才女
an accomplished pianist 有造詣的鋼琴家
an accomplished facts 不容爭辯的事實

4. [COLOR="DarkOrange"]get/stand in one's way / be in the way[/COLOR]

這是口語里特別常用的片語，意思是「擋路，妨礙」。我們來看兩個例子：
e.g.
1) Keep on going with your reading. Don't let me stand in your way.
2) You're in the way, would you please move aside?

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Elizabeth: I love this dance.

Darcy: lndeed. Most invigorating.

Elizabeth: It is your turn to say something, Mr. Darcy. I talked about the dance. Now you ought to remark on the size of the room or the number of couples.

Darcy: I'm perfectly happy to [COLOR="DarkOrange"]oblige[/COLOR]. Please advise me of what you would like most to hear?

Elizabeth: That reply will do for present. Perhaps [COLOR="darkorange"]by and by[/COLOR] I may observe that private balls are much pleasanter than public ones. For now, we may remain silent.

Darcy: Do you talk as a rule while dancing?

Elizabeth: No. No, I prefer to be unsociable and taciturn. Makes it all so much more enjoyable, don't you think?

Darcy: Tell me, do you and your sisters very often walk to Meryton?

Elizabeth: Yes, we often walk to Meryton. It's a great opportunity to meet new people. In fact when you met us, we'd just had the pleasure of forming a new acquaintance.

Darcy: [COLOR="darkorange"]Mr. Wickham's blessed with[/COLOR] such happy manners, he's sure of making friends. Whether he's capable of retaining them is less certain.

Elizabeth: He's been so unfortunate as to lose your friendship. And I dare say that is an irreversible event?

Darcy: It is. Why do you ask such a question?

Elizabeth: To [COLOR="darkorange"]make out[/COLOR] your character, Mr. Darcy.

Darcy: And what have you discovered?

Elizabeth: Very little. I hear such different accounts of you as puzzle me exceedingly.

Darcy: I hope to afford you more clarity in the future.




妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [COLOR="darkorange"]oblige[/COLOR]

To do a service or favor for: 施恩惠於，幫助

They obliged us by arriving early.
他們的早到幫了我們一個大忙。
If you ever need help with the babysitting, I'd be glad to oblige.
如果你需要我幫忙照顧孩子，我很願意效勞。

2. [COLOR="darkorange"]by and by[/COLOR]

這是一種習慣表達，意思是「不久以後；不一會兒」。在口語中和by相關的習慣用語很多，如：
By and again 時常，常常
By and large 總的來說，基本上
By the by(e) 順便提一下

3. [COLOR="darkorange"]be blessed with[/COLOR]

If someone is blessed with a particular good quality or skill, they have that good quality or skill. 幸運地享有（優良品質或技巧），在……方面有福氣
e.g. The two brothers both are blessed with uncommon ability to fix things.

4. [COLOR="darkorange"]make out[/COLOR]

If you try to make something out, you try to understand it or decide whether or not it is true.辨認出，理解。我們來看看下面的例子：
e.g. I couldn't make it out at all.
我一點也不明白。
It is hard to make out what criteria are used to judge a person.
很難理解應該用什麼標準來評判一個人。

Dear Adelyn, I just come to say hello to you. I feel so happy that I can see you still here. New job make me busy, but I always remember that I have had a lot of friends here. I will call back when I am free.

best best greetings to you! Health and Happy!

dear belle, so happy to see you back!

it has been a long time since we chatted last time.

how are you?

I first read the novel, Pride & Prejudice, when I was in a junior high school. I loved the book then and still like it now.  This TV Movie brings it alive.

Are the words, oblige  and  by and by, used in contemporary American English? I cansider them 主要在說英式英語的國家中使用, too.

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影片對白

Collins: Dear Miss Elizabeth, I am sure my attentions have been too marked to be mistaken. Almost as soon as I entered the house, I [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]singled you out[/COLOR][/B] as the companion of my future life. But before I am run away with my feelings, perhaps I may state my reasons for marrying. Firstly, that it is the duty of a clergyman to set the example of matrimony in his parish. Secondly, that I am convinced it will add greatly to my happiness. And thirdly, that it is at the urging of my esteemed patroness, Lady Catherine, that I select a wife. My object in coming to Longbourn was to choose such a one from among Mr. Bennet's daughters, for I am to inherit the estate and such an alliance will surely…suit everyone. And now nothing remains but for me to assure you in the most animated language of the violence of my affections.

Elizabeth: Mr. Collins!

Collins: And that no reproach on the subject of fortune will cross my lips once we're married.

Elizabeth: You're too [B][COLOR="darkorange"]hasty[/COLOR][/B], sir. You forget that I have given no answer.

Collins: I must add that Lady Catherine will thoroughly approve when I speak to her of your modesty, economy and other amiable qualities

Elizabeth: Sir, I am honored by your proposal, but I regret that I must decline it.

Collins: I know ladies don't seek to seem too eager...

Elizabeth: Mr. Collins, I am perfectly serious. You could not make me happy. And I'm convinced [B][COLOR="darkorange"]I'm the last woman in the world who could make you happy[/COLOR][/B].

Collins: I [B][COLOR="darkorange"]flatter myself[/COLOR][/B], cousin, that your refusal is merely a natural delicacy. Besides, you should take into account that despite the manifold attractions, it is by no means certain that another offer of marriage may ever be made to you...
Elizabeth: Mr. Collins!

Collins: ...I must conclude that you simply seek to increase my love by suspense...

Elizabeth: Sir!

Collins: ...according to the usual practice of elegant females.

Elizabeth: Sir, I am not the sort of female to torment a respectable man. Please understand me, I cannot accept you.

妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]single out[/COLOR][/B]

If you single sb. out from a group, you choose them and give them special attention or treatment. 挑選
e.g. Mr. Collins singled out Jane first as his future wife at first, but then he switched to Elizabeth.
He was singled out by his teacher to take part in the competition.

2. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]hasty[/COLOR][/B]

匆忙的，草率的
e.g. They shouldn't have made such a hasty decision.
另外在漢語中我們的一句成語「欲速則不達」跟hasty的同根詞haste有關，英語中有兩種表達：
Haste makes waste
More haste, less speed.
大家不妨在這裡牢記住這個表達。

3. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]I'm the last woman in the world who could make you happy[/COLOR][/B].

這種句型的基本結構是「the last+名詞+定語從句」，表達最大程度的否定或者不贊成。本句話的意思是：我是這個世界上最不可能帶給你幸福的女人。
e.g. To be a teacher is the last thing in the world that I could do. 我最不願意乾的事就是當老師。
This city is the last place that I want to live in the world. 我最不願意生活的地方就是這個城市。

4. [COLOR="darkorange"]flatter oneself[/COLOR] that

If you flatter yourself that something good is the case, you believe that it is true, although others may disagree. 自鳴得意，自以為
e.g. They flattered themselves that they would win. 他們自以為會一定獲勝。

Flatter一詞還有一些其它用法：
If someone flatters you, they praise you in an exaggerated way that is not sincere, because they want to please you or to persuade you to do something. 奉承，諂媚
e.g. I knew she was just flattering me, because she wanted me to buy her scarf.
此外flattering和flattered在口語中的出現頻率也很高，flattering繼承了flatter的意思，作為形容詞的時候有「諂媚的，討好的」意思，但是也有「討人喜歡的」意思，
如： How flattering your company is since so many other companies are after you.
你看你們公司多招人喜歡，那麼多其他公司都跟在你們屁股後面轉。
但是flattered的意思有所不同，
If you feel flattered by something that has happened, you are pleased about it because it makes you feel important or special. 表示"受寵若驚"的意思
e.g. I feel flattered by what you said. 你的話讓我受寵若驚。

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Darcy: Miss Elizabeth. I have struggled [B][COLOR="darkorange"]in vain[/COLOR][/B] and can bear it no longer. These past months have been a torment. I came to Rosings with the single object of seeing you. I had to see you. I have fought against my better judgment, my family's expectation, the inferiority of your birth, my rank, all these things, and I'm willing to put them aside and ask you to end my agony.

Elizabeth: I don't understand.

Darcy: I love you. Most ardently. Please do me the honor of accepting my hand.

Elizabeth: Sir, I appreciate the struggle you have been through, and I am very sorry to have caused you pain. Believe me, it was unconsciously done.

Darcy: Is this your reply?

Elizabeth: Yes, sir.

Darcy: Are you... are you laughing at me?

Elizabeth: No.

Darcy: Are you rejecting me?

Elizabeth: I'm sure the feelings which, as you've told me have hindered your regard will help you in overcoming it.

Darcy: Might I ask why with so little endeavor at civility I am thus repulsed?

Elizabeth: And I might as well enquire with so evident a design of insulting me you chose to tell me that you liked me against your better judgment?

Darcy: No, believe me...

Elizabeth: If I was uncivil, then that is some excuse! But I have other reasons. You know I have.

Darcy: What reasons?

Elizabeth: Do you think anything might tempt me to accept the man who has ruined perhaps forever the happiness of a most beloved sister? Do you deny it Mr. Darcy, that you separated a young couple who loved each other, exposing your friend to center of the world for caprice and my sister to its derision for disappointed hopes and involving them both in misery of the acutest kind?

Darcy: I do not deny it.

Elizabeth: How could you do it?

Darcy: Because I believed your sister's indifferent to him.

Elizabeth: Indifferent?

Darcy: I watched them most carefully and realized his attachment was deeper than hers.

Elizabeth: That's because she's shy!

Darcy: Bingley, too, is modest and was persuaded she didn't feel strongly for him.

Elizabeth: Because you suggested it.

Darcy: I did it for his own good.

Elizabeth: My sister hardly shows her true feelings to me. I suppose you suspect that his fortune [B][COLOR="darkorange"]had some bearing[/COLOR][/B]?

Darcy: No! I wouldn't do your sister the dishonor, though it was suggested...

Elizabeth: What was?

Darcy: It was made perfectly clear that an advantageous marriage...

Elizabeth: Did my sister give that impression?

Darcy: No! No. No. There was, however, I have to admit, the matter of your family...

Elizabeth: Our want of connection? Mr. Bingley didn't seem to vex himself about that.

Darcy: No, it was more than that.

Elizabeth: How, sir?

Darcy: It was the lack of propriety shown by your mother, your three younger sisters and even, on occasion, your father. Forgive me. You and your sister I must exclude from this.

Elizabeth: And what about Mr. Wickham?

Darcy: Mr. Wickham?

Elizabeth: What excuse can you give for your behavior towards him?

Darcy: You take an eager interest in that gentleman's concerns.

Elizabeth: He told me of his misfortunes.

Darcy: Oh, yes, his misfortunes have been very great indeed.

Elizabeth: You ruin his chances and yet you treat him with sarcasm.

Darcy: So this is your opinion of me? Thank you for explaining so fully. Perhaps these offences might have been overlooked had not your pride been hurt by my honesty...

Elizabeth: My pride?

Darcy: ...in admitting scruples about our relationship. Could you expect me to rejoice in the inferiority of your circumstances?

Elizabeth: And those are the words of a gentleman. From the first moment I met you, your arrogance and conceit, your selfish disdain for the feelings of others made me realize that you were the last man in the world I could ever be [B][COLOR="darkorange"]prevailed upon[/COLOR][/B] to marry.

Darcy: Forgive me, madam, for [B][COLOR="darkorange"]taking up[/COLOR][/B] so much of your time.




妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]in vain[/COLOR][/B]

這是口語中的習慣用語，表示「徒勞，枉然」。比如「我們的工作全白做了」就可以說成：All our work was in vain. 再來看一個例子：
The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds.
警察企圖驅散抗議的人群，但沒有成功。

2. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]bearing[/COLOR][/B]

在這裡是個名詞，意思是「關係；影響；方面；意義」等。這個詞構成了很多習慣用語，我們可以搜集一下：
have a bearing on / upon... 關係到……影響到……
find / get / take bearing 判明方位，認清自己所處的地位
lose one's bearings 迷失方向，惶惑，不知所措
in all its bearings 從各方面

3. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]prevail upon/on[/COLOR][/B]

「勸說好；說服； 誘使」的意思。比如：「我必須得說服我爸給我買輛新自行車」就是：I must prevail upon my father to buy a new bicycle for me.

Prevail一詞還有另外兩個常用的意思，一是「流行，盛行」，另一個是「獲勝，取得成功」。如：This old custom does not prevail now. 這種舊風俗現在已經不流行了。
Truth is great and will prevail. 真理是至高無上的，且必將獲勝。

4. [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]take up[/COLOR][/B]

「佔用時間」的意思。這是一個常用片語，意思極其豐富。在英語中簡單詞構成的片語往往意思都很豐富。我們看看除了在本片段中的這個意思之外，take up還有什麼別的含義：
a. 對……發生興趣；開始從事
e.g. He did not particularly want to take up competitive sport.
b. 著手處理
e.g. He intends to take up the proposal with the prime minister.
c. 接下去，繼續說
e.g. After a short break, she took up her story.

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Lady Catherine: You can be of no loss, Miss Bennet, to understand why I am here.

Elizabeth: Indeed you're mistaken. I cannot [B][COLOR="darkorange"]account for[/COLOR][/B] this honour at all.

Catherine: Miss Bennet, I warn you, I am not to be [B][COLOR="darkorange"]trifled[/COLOR][/B] with. A report of a most alarming nature has reached me, that you intend to be united with my nephew, Mr. Darcy. I know this to be a scandalous falsehood, though not wishing to injure him by supposing it possible, I instantly set off to make my sentiments known.

Elizabeth: If you believed it to be impossible, I wonder you took the trouble of coming so far.

Catherine: To hear it contradicted, Miss Bennet.

Elizabeth: Your coming will be a rather confirmation, surely if indeed such a report exists.

Catherine: If? Do you pretend to [B][COLOR="darkorange"]be ignorant of[/COLOR][/B] it? Has it not been industriously circulated by yourself?

Elizabeth: I have never heard of it.

Catherine: And can you declare there is no foundation for it?

Elizabeth: I do not pretend to possess equal frankness with your Ladyship. You may ask a question which I may choose not to answer.

Catherine: This is not to be borne. Has my nephew made you an offer of marriage?

Elizabeth: Your Ladyship has declared it to be impossible.

Catherine: Let me be understood! Mr. Darcy is engaged to my daughter. Now what have you to say?

Elizabeth: Only this. If that is the case, you can have no reason to suppose he would make an offer to me.

Catherine: You selfish girl! This union has been planned since their infancy. Do you think it can be prevented by a young woman of inferior birth whose own sister's elopement resulted in a scandalously patched-up marriage only achieved at the expense of your uncle? Heaven and Earth! Are the shades of Pemberley to be thus polluted? Now tell me [B][COLOR="darkorange"]once and for all[/COLOR][/B], are you engaged to him?

Elizabeth: I am not.

Catherine: Will you promise never to enter into such an engagement?

Elizabeth: I will not and I certainly never shall. You have insulted me in every possible way and can now have nothing further to say. I must ask you to leave immediately. Goodnight.

Catherine: I have never been thus treated in my entire life!

Mr. Bennet: Lizzie, what on earth is going on?

Elizabeth: Just a small misunderstanding.

Mrs. Bennet: Lizzie?

Elizabeth: For once in your life, leave me alone!





妙詞佳句，活學活用

1. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]account for[/COLOR][/B]

這裡是「解釋；說明」的意思。
e.g. She could not account for her mistake.
她無法解釋其錯誤。
I can't account for Peter's unhappiness.
我說不出彼得不高興的原因。
Account的一些常用習語還有
on no account決不，在任何條件下都不
on (one's) own account為了自身
take into account 考慮；顧及

2. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]trifle[/COLOR][/B]

在這裡是「嘲弄，取笑」的意思。這個詞還有一些其它的用法，如：
A. to play with or toy with玩弄, 戲耍
e.g. She trifled with my affections 她玩弄我的感情。
B. To waste time or money 虛度光陰，浪費
e.g. You should not trifle with your health. 你不要疏忽你的健康。
Trifle還可以做名詞，意思是"小事，瑣事，微不足道的東西"。
e.g. I have no money on trifles. 我沒錢買這些小東西。

3. [B][COLOR="darkorange"]be ignorant of / in[/COLOR][/B]

這個搭配是「無知識的；不知道的，不了解的」的意思。我們來看兩個例子：
She is very ignorant about her own country. 她對自己的國家很不了解。
What his plans are I am quite ignorant of. 我一點也不知道他的計劃是什麼。

4. [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]once and for all[/COLOR][/B]

「斷然地，堅決地，最後地」的意思，表示已經最終永久覺得了的意思。我們來看個例子：
e.g. Once and for all, we can't agree! 最後再說一遍，我們不能同意!
Once的片語還有一個For once，"就這一次，破例一回"的意思。
e.g. For once you didn't lie after you failed your exams.
你考試沒通過，就這一次沒撒謊。

Once構成的其它習慣用語還有一些：
All at once 突然，同時
Every once in a while 偶爾
Once and again 一再，再三
Once and away / once for all 一勞永逸，永久地，徹底地

十八世紀英國的財產繼承與婚姻

西歐的財產繼承以諸子中一人繼承為主，主要是長子繼承，如果沒有男嗣的話，根據限嗣繼承法，由其他男性繼承。這也是為什麼班內特家的財產要由柯林斯繼承的緣故。這種一人繼承是基於土地財產的不可分割，而動產和現金則可以分割繼承（甚至均分）。這也是為什麼Miss Bingley，Miss Darcy都繼承了相當數量的財產，而班內特家的幾個姐妹在父親死後每人可以分得一千英鎊財產的緣故。

在十八世紀末十九世紀初的英國鄉村，封建保守勢力還是相當強大。婚姻很要求門當戶對。達西和伊麗莎白雖然財產相差懸殊，但畢竟屬於同一階層，這一點連凱瑟琳夫人也不能否認，這也是他們最終能結合在一起的重要原因之一。

在當時的年代，婦女只能在其所生長的階層的圈子中生活，社會習俗禁止她們在社會的任何其他領域裡活動。一般婦女除了當老處女和家庭教師外，惟一出路就是嫁人。嫁一戶有錢有地位的體面人家，就成了一個年輕小姐得到並保持可靠社會與經濟地位的理想途徑。尤其是那些「一般財產不多、教養有素的青年女子，都是把結婚當作惟一一條未雨綢繆的體面出路，不管如何心中無數，幸福難卜，結婚成家都是她們最可心合意的避風港，以防她們以後不致缺衣少食。」因此，要贏得一位理想的丈夫似乎就是這些年輕小姐們的人生惟一目標。

思想火花

奧斯汀的小說大都是描寫鄉紳貴族紳士淑女的戀愛求婚和男婚女嫁。在《傲慢與偏見》中，奧斯汀描寫了四樁婚姻。



伊麗莎白和達西的婚姻雖然迂迴曲折，但兩人最終冰釋前嫌、喜結良緣。他們兩人的婚姻首先是建立在愛情的基礎上，其次雙方也是門當戶對、一表人才。這是奧斯汀所設想的思想婚姻。她批判那種惟利是圖的金錢婚姻，但她並不把金錢與愛情絕對分開，而且顯示金錢在確立穩固的理想婚姻中起著決定性的作用。



簡和賓利則是一見鍾情。但兩個人都過於善良、容易受別人的意見所左右。這段婚姻也是歷盡波折，最終有一個美滿的結局。

莉迪亞和威克姆的婚姻則是奧斯汀筆下的一樁不幸婚姻。年少輕佻的莉迪亞自以為愛上了年輕英俊的威克姆，在他的蠱惑下私奔。然而威克姆是地道的花花公子、債台高築的賭棍，為了得到錢財而利用莉迪亞。在達西的幫助下，兩人才免於身敗名裂。但他們婚後不久感情便一落千丈，二人同床異夢，經濟拮据，生活不幸。



夏洛特和柯林斯的婚姻是奧斯汀很不欣賞的一種婚姻，然而卻是當時大多數婦女的婚姻形式。夏洛特年紀已大，長得既不漂亮，又沒有什麼財產。「她既不看重男人，也不看重夫妻生活，一貫只把結婚當作她人生的目標。」她「所需要的只不過是一個舒適的家」。她明知柯林斯對他毫無感情，而且她也很不喜歡他，也還是答應他的求婚。這是一樁以「犧牲一切高尚感情，來屈就世俗利益」的不幸婚姻。



雖然奧斯汀意圖告訴讀者，理想的婚姻是可能的。但是要達到奧斯汀的理想婚姻狀態，不要說在18世紀的英國，就是21世紀的今天，仍然有不小的難度。畢竟，不是每個男人都是腰纏萬貫的紳士，也不是每個女人都是傾城傾國、秀外慧中的淑女。對於每個已經進入婚姻或是將要進入婚姻的人士，箇中滋味，如魚飲水、冷暖自知吧。

考考你

用近日所學將下面的句子譯成英語。

1. 你能不能解釋一下為什麼最近老是犯低級錯誤？
2. 她是個新人，對咱們公司的情況幾乎一無所知。
3. 最後說一遍，你被解僱了！





Pride & Prejudice 《傲慢與偏見》（精講之五）考考你 參考答案

1. 由於我忘了複印資料，隨著原始資料的丟失，我們的工作全都白做了。
What we have done was [B][COLOR="DarkOrange"]in vain[/COLOR][/B] when the original material was lost.

2. 這幾年周杰倫的歌曲在年輕人中特別流行。
Jay's songs have been [B][COLOR="darkorange"]prevailing[/COLOR][/B] among young people in recent years.

3. 我最近突然開始對羽毛球感興趣了，幾乎每天都去打。
I recently [B][COLOR="darkorange"]took up[/COLOR][/B] playing badminton a lot and played it almost every day.


（英語點津 Annabel 編輯）