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在實驗中,男性對分配方案導致的整體效益變化相當敏感,當分給別人更多的錢反而導致總體價值減少時,男性就更傾向於把錢留在自己手裡。而女性的利他行為更單純,無論價格高低,她們都傾向於公平分配。當然,一種可能的解釋是女性天性更善良,然而進一步的研究發現【7】,這種差異取決於兩性樂善好施之後對他人回報的不同期待,女性把利他行為更多看做是一種「關係投資」。當無論怎麼做回報都相同的條件下,男女雙方的利他行為是一樣的。
這麼說來,真愛雖然讓人樂於奉獻,但也不是單純到完全不求回報。真惦記別人口袋裡的錢,美人計實在沒太大用,還是老老實實想個正當理由比較靠譜。
本文感謝@Ent和@橡膠萬歲 對經濟學研究結果解釋的指導。
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