除了外觀中二感滿載,這一招還附帶化學殺傷效果。雖然我們對角蜥體內的化學物質所知甚少,韋德·舍布魯克(Wade C. Sherbrooke)和拉塞爾·曼森(J. Russell Mason)曾用郊狼和角蜥做了實驗。把角蜥血用針管射到郊狼臉上,可憐的汪星人就表現出痛苦的樣子:伸出舌頭舔嘴,嘴一張一閉,使勁搖頭。用別的蜥蜴血不會有這種效果。如果吃下死的角蜥,郊狼會嘔吐,雖然有時它會吐了—吃下去—吐了—再吃下去循環多次(好像很捨不得),但最後總會剩下一些殘骸。顯然角蜥體內含有讓它厭惡的物質。
參考資料[美]Thomas Eisner著, 虞國躍譯. 眷戀昆蟲:寫給愛蟲或怕蟲的人. 北京:外研社出版社,2008.Eisner T et Aneshansley DJ (1999). Spray aiming in the bombardier beetle: Photographic evidence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96(17):9705-9709.Eisner T et al (2000). Spray mechanism of the most primitive bombardier beetle (Metrius contractus). J. Exp. Biol. 203:1265-1275.Sherbrooke WC et Mason JR (2005). Sensory modality used by coyotes in responding to antipredator compounds in the blood of Texas horned lizards. The Southwestern Naturalist50(2):216-222.Heath JE (1966). Venous shunts in the cephalic sinuses of horned lizards. Physiological Zoology 39:30–35.Sherbrooke WC et Middendorf III GA (2001). Blood-Squirting Variability in Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma). Copeia 2001(4):1114-1122.Knowlton RE et Moulton JM (1963). Sound production in the snapping shrimp Alpheus(Crangon) and Synalpheus. Biol. Bull. 125(2):311–331.Versluis M et al (2000). How snapping shrimp snap: through cavitating bubbles. Science 289(5487): 2114-2117.Lohse D et al (2001). Snapping shrimp make flashing bubbles. Nature 413(6855):477-478.