旅途-国策不变 民主选举

作者:唐贝勒  于 2015-8-12 11:39 发表于 最热闹的华人社交网络--贝壳村

通用分类:流水日记|已有10评论

忽然觉得美国的大选,好像是一个人的左手搏右手。共和党的总统也好,民主党的总统也罢,都是台上的表演者。实权派的导演在后台,不露面的。
任何民主制度下的国家地区都有选举,但往往各政党理念相差甚远,导致政党轮替后,前任的执政党与现任的执政党在对外的国际战略,对内的国策都有明显的变化,不能连续进行,持续发展。由此可见,美国式的民主制度,应该是目前来讲最为完善有效的。它保障了美国一直保持全球领导地位,不容挑战。
这一点似乎有人看明白了,脱亚入欧的日本已在尝试。将过去的享有绝对优势的自民党划分为几个不同名字的政党,无论谁当选都不会有太大的改变,因为同出一源。反观台湾就大不一样了,统派,独派轮替过程中,不断地消耗了有限的资源。
谁是美国的实权派导演?不得而知。
假若中国有机会学到这一点,何乐而不为那?
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1 回复 陈营 2015-8-12 13:53
既然博主看清了美国是幕后的实权派操纵两个政党玩选民,也可以看清中国人不搞虚假玩幕后,直接在前台坐镇就行了,省事儿不是
1 回复 唐贝勒 2015-8-12 18:19
陈营: 既然博主看清了美国是幕后的实权派操纵两个政党玩选民,也可以看清中国人不搞虚假玩幕后,直接在前台坐镇就行了,省事儿不是
谢谢您,同意
1 回复 paci 2015-8-12 20:03
中国到了那个阶段也会采取这样外虚内实的方式,毕竟看上去符合世界潮流,只是目前各方面条件不成熟
1 回复 十路 2015-8-12 20:11
这个问题写得好。 因为美国将政治与哲学,学术分开了,在同一基本价值观,基本原则下进行。政治家不能随便改变这个衡量对错的标尺,做事的具体方式可以在这个基本原则之下变换,但是会被民众用这个标尺来衡量。

CORE VALUES OF AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY

Core democratic values are the fundamental beliefs and constitutional principles of American society, which unite all Americans. These values are expressed in the Declaration of Independence, the United States constitution and other significant documents, speeches, and writing of the nation. Below are definitions of some core democratic values.

Source: CIVITAS: A Framework for Civic Education, a collaborative project of the Center for Civic Education and the Council for the Advancement of Citizenship, National Council for the Social Studies Bulletin No. 86, 1991. You can obtain a copy of “Civitas” by calling 1-800-350-4223

FUNDAMENTAL BELIEFS

LIFE: The individual’s right to life should be considered inviolable except in certain highly restricted and extreme circumstances, such as the use of deadly force to protect one’s own or others’ lives.

LIBERTY: The right to liberty is considered an unalterable aspect of the human condition. Central to this idea of liberty is the understanding that the political or personal obligations of parents or ancestors cannot be legitimately forced on people. The right to liberty includes personal freedom: the private realm in which the individual is free to act, to think and to believe, and which the government cannot legitimately invade; political freedom: the right to participate freely in the political process, choose and remove public officials, to be governed under a rule of law; the right to a free flow of information and ideas, open debate and right of assembly; and economic freedom: the right to acquire, use, transfer and dispose of private property without unreasonable governmental interference; the right to seek employment wherever one pleases; to change employment at will; and to engage in any lawful economic activity.

THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS: It is the right of citizens in the American constitutional democracy to attempt to attain – “pursue” – happiness in their own way, so long as they do not infringe upon the rights of others.

COMMON GOOD: The public or common good requires that individual citizens have the commitment and motivation – that they accept their obligation – to promote the welfare of the community and to work together with other members for the greater benefit of all.

JUSTICE:  People should be treated fairly in the distribution of the benefits and burdens of society, the correction of wrongs and injuries, and in the gathering of information and making of decisions.

EQUALITY:  All citizens have: political equality and are not denied these rights unless by due process of law; legal equality and should be treated as equals before the law; social equality so as there should be no class hierarchy sanctioned by law; economic equality which tends to strengthen political and social equality for extreme economic inequality tends to undermine all other forms of equality and should there fore be avoided.

DIVERSITY:  Variety in culture and ethnic background, race, lifestyle, and belief is not only permissible but desirable and beneficial in a pluralist society.

TRUTH: Citizens can legitimately demand that truth-telling as refraining from lying and full disclosure by government be the rule, since trust in the veracity of government constitutes an essential element of the bond between governors and governed.

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY:  The citizenry is collectively the sovereign of the state and hold ultimate authority over public officials and their policies.

PATRIOTISM: Virtuous citizens display a devotion to their country, including devotion to the fundamental values upon which it depends.

CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES

RULE OF LAW: Both government and the governed should be subject to the law.

SEPARATION OF POWERS:  Legislative, executive, and judicial powers should be exercised by different institutions in order to maintain the limitations placed upon them.

REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT: The republican form of government established under the Constitution is one in which citizens elect others to represent their interests.

CHECKS AND BALANCES: the powers given to the different branches of government should be balanced, that is roughly equal, so that no branch can completely dominate the others. Branches of government are also given powers to check the power of other branches.

INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS: Fundamental to American constitutional democracy is the belief that individuals have certain basic rights that are not created by government but which government should protect. These are the right to life, liberty, economic freedom, and the “Pursuit of happiness.” It is the purpose of government to protect these rights, and it may not place unfair or unreasonable restraints on their exercise. Many of these rights are enumerated in the Bill of Rights.

FREEDOM OF RELIGION: There shall be full freedom of conscience for people of all faiths or none. Religious liberty is considered to be a natural inalienable right that must always be beyond the power of the state to confer or remove. Religious liberty includes the right to freely practice any religion or no religion without government coercion or control.

FEDERALISM: Power is shared between two sets of governmental institutions, those of the states and those of the central or federal authorities, as stipulated by the Constitution.

CIVILIAN CONTROL OF THE MILITARY: Civilian authority should control the military in order to preserve constitutional government.
3 回复 paci 2015-8-12 20:27
从穷人越穷富人越富可以看出来,无论谁上台都是换汤不换药
1 回复 唐贝勒 2015-8-13 05:03
paci: 中国到了那个阶段也会采取这样外虚内实的方式,毕竟看上去符合世界潮流,只是目前各方面条件不成熟
是这样,谢谢您
1 回复 唐贝勒 2015-8-13 05:07
十路: 这个问题写得好。 因为美国将政治与哲学,学术分开了,在同一基本价值观,基本原则下进行。政治家不能随便改变这个衡量对错的标尺,做事的具体方式可以在这个基
谢谢您,我认为这是一个较成熟的民主社会。同时也要求选民要有一定的素质,才可行。
1 回复 唐贝勒 2015-8-13 05:11
paci: 从穷人越穷富人越富可以看出来,无论谁上台都是换汤不换药
只要让穷人维持在一定的生活水准上,富人仍可继续赚大钱。谢谢您
1 回复 ryu 2015-8-13 12:57
' 这一点似乎有人看明白了,脱亚入欧的日本已在尝试。将过去的享有绝对优势的自民党划分为几个不同名字的政党,无论谁当选都不会有太大的改变,因为同出一源..'
三年前的日本执政党民主党不是那个源的。
1 回复 唐贝勒 2015-8-14 04:36
ryu: ' 这一点似乎有人看明白了,脱亚入欧的日本已在尝试。将过去的享有绝对优势的自民党划分为几个不同名字的政党,无论谁当选都不会有太大的改变,因为同出一源..'
谢谢您,来自早期的自民党?

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