章瑩穎案 受害人沒找到就不能起訴謀殺罪 一說沒有法律根據

看到華人媒體出現了一種理論稱 ：

章瑩穎案，目前情況並不是特別樂觀：i受害人沒找到，不能起訴「謀殺罪」。。。因為美國遵守疑罪從無原則，即公訴人不能提出確實充分的證據證實被告人的罪行，法庭經過庭審和補充也不能查明被告人有罪的事實，那麼就只能判定被告人無罪。目前FBI手頭沒有足夠多的證據控告Christensen有謀殺瑩穎的嫌疑，儘管聯邦執法人員對嫌疑人進行了竊聽，但就目前公開的證據來看，只能起訴犯罪嫌疑人「綁架罪」。

考據起來，這好像是從檢方傳出來，並且得到章YY家華人律師贊同的。這很值得華人社區警惕。

事實上， no body, no murder，這早已經是久遠的法律歷史。隨著科技發展，兇嫌們毀屍滅跡或者完全掩蓋的本領越來越高，西方世界從上個世紀50年代起就開拋棄了這個理論。當代法律僅僅需要環境證據circumstantial evidence，就可以證明某人已經死亡。當然，受害人還活著的可能性存在，但是極小的比例。為此這類謀殺案都不會直接對謀殺罪成的罪犯施行死刑。

在這裡看以下2000年以來的案子，好幾個案子的犧牲者屍體都從來沒有被發現：

In 2000, prosecutors in Orange County, New York, secured that jurisdiction's first-ever bodyless murder conviction. Gregory Chrysler and Lawrence Weygant were found guilty of beating Dominick Pendino, a coworker they mistakenly believed had given police the tip that had led to their arrest on drug-dealing charges, to death with a baseball bat and disposing of his body. They relied on eyewitness testimony from a former girlfriend and police informant, as well as forensic evidence showing that enough of Pendino's blood stained a car seat for him to have died without immediate medical attention.[18] Neither the body nor the bat have been discovered: Chrysler and Weygant remain in prison and have rebuffed efforts to elicit the body's location from them.

In June 2001, Essex teenager Danielle Jones went missing and despite a body never being found, the required circumstantial evidence was provided by forensic analysis of text messages sent by the accused, her uncle Stuart Campbell, who was convicted of her murder 18 months later. Police determined that Campbell had sent text messages from Danielle's mobile phone to his own after she disappeared, to make it appear that she was still alive, and noted that the spelling of several words in the text messages sent from Danielle's mobile phone had changed after she was reported missing. Their suspicions were also supported by mobile phone records which showed that Campbell's mobile phone, and that of his missing niece, were within a short distance of each other when the messages were sent.

In 2002, Girly Chew Hossencofft's husband and his mistress were convicted of her murder, which occurred in 1999. Hossencofft's remains have never been located.[19]

In spite of advances in forensic technology, the possibility of the supposed victim turning up alive remains. In 2003, Leonard Fraser, having allegedly confessed to the murder of teenager Natasha Ryan, was on trial for this, and other murders, when she reappeared after having been missing for four years.[20]

In 2006, prosecutors in Nashville, Tennessee, had Perry March arrested and extradited from Mexico after he had been secretly indicted on charges of murdering his wife Janet, who had disappeared in 1996. An attempt to have March's in-laws killed while March was awaiting trial led to the arrest of his father, who as part of a plea agreement confessed to burying his daughter-in-law in a pile of brush near Bowling Green, Kentucky, but he was unable to lead police to the body after the intervening nine years. Perry March was convicted in 2006 almost ten years to the day after his wife disappeared.

In the Australian no-body murder of Keith William Allan, evidence from forensic accountants established a motive for his murder. The chance police finding of one perpetrator driving Allan's car and the conduct of all perpetrators, in particular mobile telephone records, were also important factors in their conviction.[21]

In 2007 in Omaha, Nebraska, Christopher Edwards was convicted of murdering his girlfriend Jessica O'Grady, whose body has never been found. His mattress was soaked with her blood.

In 2008, Hans Reiser was convicted of first degree murder of his wife, Nina Reiser. After conviction and before sentencing, Reiser pleaded guilty to the lesser charge of second degree murder in exchange for disclosing the location of his wife's body.[22]

參見 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_conviction_without_a_body

章妹妹，好好一個大活人，被綁架上了克里斯滕森的車，從此以後就人間蒸發了。從克里斯滕森的條件看根本不可能秘密藏著一個大活人，從其車副駕駛座被特意清洗過，以及章一上車就消失在車裡等等環境證據看，克里斯滕森對她已經使用了暴力，而且很嚴重在車門上留下明顯痕迹。克里斯滕森自己如果又寧可被起訴謀殺都不肯供出章的所在來換取低階的起訴，那肯定就是謀殺已經發生章已經沒有活著了。

又據說這些都是「環境證據」不算數。這也是特意對華人的忽悠。美國大多數的嚴重犯罪都是靠環境證據贏得定罪的。比如O。J。湯普森案，起訴他的所有證據都是環境證據。只不過是因為警察做弊企圖給他plant evidence被發現，使得檢方的整個起訴可信性被有效質疑，審判被推翻而已。實際上也更因為那是一個大多數黑人的黑人陪審團。也就是說，如果不是黑人陪審團，不是警察種植證據，湯普森本來完全可能被定罪謀殺的。對此參見https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumstantial_evidence#Validity_of_circumstantial_evidence

我相信，克里斯滕森並不是為了性才綁架章YY的，而是一開始就是取其性命的動機。就是又一起藍可兒案。

如果是為了性，視頻已經證明章已經自己主動上了車，這種情況下這已經被一般人視作一種open to other possibility的暗示，因為在美國西方，年輕女性都被教育不能上陌生人的車的。章案一發，就有不少西方人在質疑章為何要上陌生人的車，是否證明其輕率等等。。。既然章已經上車，和平索取性就成為可能，要圖性至少按常理是藤森應該有一個和平索取的過程。可是他卻第一時間對章使用了暴力。要說是為了綁架去蓄性奴，藤森也沒有這種條件。

所以，當藤森實施綁架時，他的目的只會是要取其性命。至於他為什麼要取其性命，留待下一篇文章。

此案嫌犯被起訴，比起藍可兒案，2起滅門案等等來已經是華社一個重大成就。這個成就肯定是梁警官案華人齊心協力共同鬥爭產生的積極結果。我們應該為此驕傲，我們的鬥爭改變了自己的命運。請大家再接再厲，不要被忽悠，共同努力，取得章妹妹案的勝利。否則，你我華人都會在某個時間成為不同嫌犯的「最理想受害人」。

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